CURRENT INDUSTRIAL REPORTS United States Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration Bureau of the Census REFRACTORIES - 1996 MA32C(96)-1 Issued September 1997 Information about the scope of the survey, methodology, explanation of terms, and historical notes for this survey may be found in the introduction of the 1995 Manufacturing Profiles, issued June 1997. These data are also available through the U.S. Department of Commerce and STAT -USA Electronic Bulletin Board by subscription. To access, dial (202) 482-3870 and follow the prompts to register; or call (202) 482-1986, for further information. Inquiries: Address inquiries concerning these data to U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Manufacturing and Construction Division, Washington, DC 20233, or call Robert F. Miller, (301) 457-4787. Table 1. Value of Shipments of Refractories: 1986 to 1996 [Thousands of Dollars] Year Total Clay Nonclay 1996................ 2,295,688 944,926 1,350,762 1995................ 2,222,384 940,835 1,281,549 1994................ 2,046,979 906,165 1,140,814 1993................ 1,930,233 772,986 1,157,247 1992................ 1,956,083 786,078 1,170,005 1991................ 1,946,842 784,331 1,162,511 1990................ 2,002,833 771,315 1,231,518 1989................ 2,010,947 823,266 1,187,681 1988................ 1,950,032 813,739 1,136,293 1987................ 1,682,338 739,770 942,568 1986................ 1,521,323 670,002 851,321 Table 2a. Quantity and Value of Shipments of Refractories by Type: 1996 [Value in thousands of dollars] Quantity shipped (unit of measure) Number M bricks Product description of (thousand Value Product com- Short Metric 9-inch of code panies tons tons equivalent) shipments Clay and nonclay refractories......................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 2,295,688 3255- -- Clay refractories................................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 944,926 Brick and shapes.................................. (X) 898,495 814,592 279,606 559,275 32550 11 Fireclay, including semi-silica, bloating and superduty fireclay brick and shapes, fireclay and high alumina pouring pit refractories, clay kiln furniture, radiant heater elements, and other miscellaneous clay refractory shapes.............................. 30 425,966 386,189 127,559 209,325 32550 14 High alumina brick and shapes containing 50% alumina and over, including glass house pots, tank blocks, feeder parts, and upper structure shapes, made predom- inately of calcined bauxite, kyanite, andalusite, and similar raw materials/1........ 30 409,242 371,026 100,153 285,617 32550 35 Insulating brick and shapes..................... 14 63,287 57,377 51,894 64,333 Unshaped clay refractories........................ (X) 714,576 647,848 (X) 329,747 32550 55 Refractory bonding mortars, wet and dry, including clay and high alumina................ 32 53,211 48,242 (X) 25,370 32550 61 Plastic refractories and ramming mixes less than 50% alumina, high alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes 50% alumina and over, and high alumina phosphate bonded plastic and ramming mixes 50% alumina and over/2................... 27 158,654 143,839 (X) 76,816 32550 65 Castable refractories less than 50% alumina, high alumina castables 50% and over, and insulating castables (hydraulic setting) density up to 105 lbs/cubic foot/3............. 37 322,348 292,247 (X) 165,858 32550 70 Fireclay gunning mixes, including hydraulic setting gunning mixes, less than 50% alumina, high alumina gunning mixes, 50% alumina and over, and insulating gunning mixes (hydraulic setting)...................... 29 180,363 163,520 (X) 61,703 Other refractory raw materials and refractory materials sold in lump or ground form either for direct use by customer as a finished refractory product or as exported material....... (X) 213,980 193,998 (X) 23,950 32550 85 Clay and high alumina refractory raw materials/4.................................... 17 205,294 186,123 (X) 21,660 32550 95 Clay and high alumina refractory materials/5.................................... 10 8,686 7,875 (X) 2,290 32550 00 Clay refractories, n.s.k./6....................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 31,954 3297- -- Nonclay refractories................................ (X) (X) (X) (X) 1,350,762 Brick and shapes.................................. (X) 486,625 441,184 109,248 723,770 32970 12 All silica bricks and shapes, excluding semi-silica.................................... 16 58,000 52,584 25,515 37,675 32970 13 Magnesite-carbon brick and shapes, both less than 7% carbon, 7% carbon and over, predominately pitch and resin bonded, and carbon magnesite brick......................... 8 93,374 84,655 17,420 101,535 32970 15 Magnesite brick and shapes, burned and unburned....................................... 9 31,252 28,334 5,938 24,879 32970 19 Magnesite-chrome, chrome-magnesite, including high fires, burned and unburned brick, as well as chrome brick................. 6 49,411 44,797 8,864 67,931 32970 48 Silicon carbide brick and shapes made predominately of silicon carbide, including kiln furniture....................... 13 10,962 9,938 1,447 57,678 32970 50 Extra high alumina brick and shapes containing 87 1/2 % alumina and higher, and extra high alumina pouring pit refrac- tories, including sleeves, nozzles, runners, tuyeres, ladle gate parts, and mullite brick and shapes..................................... 27 36,027 32,663 8,691 116,753 32970 55 Zircon and zirconia brick and shapes made predominately of either of these materials, including electrocast.......................... 15 7,349 6,663 2,527 58,341 32970 58 All other brick and shapes, including dolomite, dolomite magnesite, forsterite, pyrophyllite- zircon, carbon and graphite crucibles, retorts, stopper heads, natural graphite, refractories, and molten cast................................ 20 200,250 181,550 38,846 258,978 Mortars........................................... (X) 78,926 71,556 (X) 36,501 32970 61 Unshaped nonclay refractories basic bonding mortars made predominately of magnesite or chrome ore, dolomite and other nonclay mortars, made predominately of forsterite, zircon, and silica......................................... 11 (D) (D) (X) 28,061 32970 63 Extra high alumina refractory mortars made predominately of fused or synthetic alumina and mullite.................................... 21 (D) (D) (X) 8,440 Plastic refractories and ramming mixes............ (X) 176,142 159,694 (X) 154,785 32970 65 Basic castable mixes, including chrome, chrome- magnesia, magnesia-chrome, magnesia, and dolomite....................................... 12 52,306 47,422 (X) 39,793 32970 67 Extra high alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes, 87 1/2% alumina and higher (made predominately of fused or synthetic aluminas and mullites), and extra high alumina phosphate bonded plastics and ramming mixes.... 22 70,224 63,666 (X) 70,933 32970 70 Extra high alumina castables and gunning mixes.. 10 9,603 8,706 (X) 12,553 32970 69 Other nonclay plastic refractories and ramming mixes.......................................... 13 31,777 28,810 (X) 15,494 32970 68 Other nonclay refractory castables and plastics. 15 12,232 11,090 (X) 16,012 Gunning mixes 32970 72 Basic nonclay gunning mixes, including chrome, chrome-magnesia, magnesia-chrome, magnesia, and dolomite and other nonclay gunning mixes... 17 255,746 231,864 (X) 103,776 32970 75 Ceramic refractory fibers, 1500 degrees F and higher........................................... 11 43,249 39,210 (X) 145,728 Other nonclay refractory materials in lump or ground form, including ground silica............. (X) 373,527 338,646 (X) 159,631 32970 94 Domestic shipments for direct use by customers as a finished refractory and all exported materials...................................... 18 (D) (D) (X) 78,646 32970 96 All other domestic shipments of nonclay refractory materials sold in lump or ground form as refractory raw material/4.............. 9 (D) (D) (X) 80,985 32970 00 Nonclay refractories, n.s.k./6.................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 26,571 Dead-burned magnesia or magnesite................... (X) (D) (D) (X) (D) 32950 23 Domestic shipments for direct use as finished refractory products and all exported material/5....................................... 7 (D) (D) (X) (D) 32950 25 All other domestic shipments predominately for use as a refractory raw material............. 7 (D) (D) (X) (D) 32740 71 Dead-burned dolomite................................ 4 408,488 370,343 (X) 27,077 X Not applicable. D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies. 1/Includes high alumina pouring pit refractories (containing 50% alumina and over), sleeves, nozzles, runners, and ladle gate parts. Excludes data for mullite and extra-high alumina refractories. These products are included in the nonclay refractories section. 2/Includes products referred to as plastic firebrick and the less plastic materials intended for ramming into place after the addition of water (when shipped in dry form). 3/Includes hydraulic setting castables designed for low thermal conductivity and having bulk densities as defined in ASTM classification C-401, not greater than 105 pounds/cubic foot. 4/Includes shipments to refractory producers for reprocessing in the manufacture of brick and other refractories. 5/Includes shipments for direct use as finished refractory products by establishments classified in manufacturing industries and excludes shipments to refractory producers for reprocessing in the manufacture of brick and other refractories. Includes all exports. 6/Not specified by kind (n.s.k.) represents the value of shipments for establishments which did not report detailed information and establishments, typically with less than five employees, which were not included on the MA32C mailing panel. Table 2b. Quantity and Value of Shipments of Refractories by Type: 1995 [Value in thousands of dollars] Quantity shipped (unit of measure) Product description Number M bricks of (thousand Value Product com- Short Metric 9-inch of code panies tons tons equivalent) shipments Clay and nonclay refractories................................ (X) (X) (X) (X) 2,222,384 3255- -- Clay refractories.......................................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 940,835 Brick and shapes......................................... (X) 980,539 888,975 305,315 572,804 32550 11 Fireclay, including semi-silica, bloating and superduty fireclay brick and shapes, fireclay and high alumina pouring pit refractories, clay kiln furniture, radiant heater elements, and other miscellaneous clay refractory shapes..................................... 31 481,134 436,205 147,029 212,569 32550 14 High alumina brick and shapes containing 50% alumina and over, including glass house pots, tank blocks, feeder parts, and upper structure shapes, made pre- dominately of calcined bauxite, kyanite, andalusite, and similar raw materials/1............... 31 439,349 398,322 109,213 301,734 32550 35 Insulating brick and shapes............................ 15 60,056 54,448 49,073 58,501 Unshaped clay refractories............................... (X) 659,219 597,659 (X) 318,106 32550 55 Refractory bonding mortars, wet and dry, including clay and high alumina....................... 31 52,128 47,260 (X) 28,844 32550 61 Plastic refractories and ramming mixes less than 50% alumina, high alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes 50% alumina and over, and high alumina phosphate bonded plastic and ramming mixes 50% alumina and over/2.................................... 25 169,943 154,073 (X) 82,750 32550 65 Castable refractories less than 50% alumina, high alumina castables 50% and over, and insulating castables (hydraulic setting) density up to 105 lbs/cubic foot/3.................... 38 311,827 282,708 (X) 159,871 32550 70 Fireclay gunning mixes, including hydraulic setting gunning mixes, less than 50% alumina, high alumina gunning mixes, 50% alumina and over, and insulating gunning mixes (hydraulic setting).............................................. 28 125,321 113,618 (X) 46,641 Other refractory raw materials and refractory materials sold in lump or ground form either for direct use by customer as a finished refractory product or as exported material.............. (X) 191,545 173,658 (X) 22,522 32550 85 Clay and high alumina refractory raw materials/4........................................... 16 171,960 155,902 (X) 17,546 32550 95 Clay and high alumina refractory materials/5........................................... 11 19,585 17,756 (X) 4,976 32550 00 Clay refractories, n.s.k./6.............................. (X) (X) (X) (X) r/27,403 3297- -- Nonclay refractories....................................... (X) (X) (X) (X) 1,281,549 Brick and shapes......................................... (X) 484,751 439,485 110,802 692,950 32970 12 All silica bricks and shapes, excluding semi-silica........................................... 17 r/61,897 r/56,117 27,988 r/40,358 32970 13 Magnesite-carbon brick and shapes, both less than 7% carbon, 7% carbon and over, predominately pitch and resin bonded, and carbon magnesite brick................................ 8 96,725 87,693 18,131 104,756 32970 15 Magnesite brick and shapes, burned and unburned.............................................. 10 30,395 27,557 5,623 23,508 32970 19 Magnesite-chrome, chrome-magnesite, including high fires, burned and unburned brick, as well as chrome brick........................ 7 40,151 36,402 7,354 51,466 32970 48 Silicon carbide brick and shapes made predominately of silicon carbide, including kiln furniture........................................ 13 r/11,276 r/10,223 r/1,356 r/61,065 32970 50 Extra high alumina brick and shapes containing 87 1/2% alumina and higher, and extra high alumina pouring pit refractories, including sleeves, nozzles, runners, tuyeres, ladle gate parts, and mullite brick and shapes............................................ 29 32,199 29,192 7,804 122,230 32970 55 Zircon and zirconia brick and shapes made predominately of either of these materials, including electrocast................................. 16 3,476 3,151 r/1,655 38,821 32970 58 All other brick and shapes, including dolomite, dolomite magnesite, forsterite, pyrophyllite-zircon, carbon and graphite crucibles, retorts, stopper heads, natural graphite, refractories, and molten cast.............. 21 208,632 189,150 40,891 250,746 Mortars.................................................. (X) r/ 85,174 r/ 77,221 (X) r/ 38,049 32970 61 Unshaped nonclay refractories basic bonding mortars made predominately of magnesite or chrome ore, dolomite and other nonclay mortars, made predominately of forsterite, zircon, and silica................................................ 12 (D) (D) (X) r/ 30,735 32970 63 Extra high alumina refractory mortars made predominately of fused or synthetic alumina and mullite............................................... 21 (D) (D) (X) r/ 7,314 Plastic refractories and ramming mixes................... (X) r/169,258 r/153,451 (X) r/135,013 32970 65 Basic castable mixes, including chrome, chrome- magnesia, magnesia-chrome, magnesia, and dolomite.............................................. 14 54,396 49,316 (X) r/ 36,006 32970 67 Extra high alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes, 87 1/2% alumina and higher (made predominately of fused or synthetic aluminas and mullites), and extra high alumina phosphate bonded plastics and ramming mixes................................................. 23 60,350 54,714 (X) r/56,750 32970 70 Extra high alumina castables and gunning mixes......... 10 9,087 8,238 (X) 11,066 32970 69 Other nonclay plastic refractories and ramming mixes................................................. 14 30,720 27,851 (X) 12,284 32970 68 Other nonclay refractory castables and plastics.............................................. 13 14,705 13,332 (X) r/18,907 Gunning mixes 32970 72 Basic nonclay gunning mixes, including chrome, chrome-magnesia, magnesia-chrome, magnesia, and dolomite) and other nonclay gunning mixes......... 15 220,634 200,031 (X) 91,192 32970 75 Ceramic refractory fibers, 1500 degrees F and higher.............................................. 11 45,529 41,277 (X) 154,574 Other nonclay refractory materials in lump or ground form, including ground silica.................... (X) 384,057 348,193 (X) 144,643 32970 94 Domestic shipments for direct use by customers as a finished refractory and all exported materials............................................. 18 (D) (D) (X) 80,238 32970 96 All other domestic shipments of nonclay refractory materials sold in lump or ground form as refractory raw material/4..................... 9 (D) (D) (X) 64,405 32970 00 Nonclay refractories, n.s.k./6........................... (X) (X) (X) (X) r/25,128 Dead-burned magnesia or magnesite.......................... (X) (D) (D) (X) (D) 32950 23 Domestic shipments for direct use as finished refractory products and all exported material/5.............................................. 6 (D) (D) (X) (D) 32950 25 All other domestic shipments predominately for use as a refractory raw material.................... 7 (D) (D) (X) (D) 32740 71 Dead-burned dolomite....................................... 4 340,509 308,712 (X) 22,798 X Not applicable. D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies. r/ Revised by 5 percent or more from previously published data. 1/ Includes high alumina pouring pit refractories (containing 50% alumina and over), sleeves, nozzles, runners, and ladle gate parts. Excludes data for mullite and extra-high alumina refractories. These products are included in the nonclay refractories section. 2/ Includes products referred to as plastic firebrick and the less plastic materials intended for ramming into place after the addition of water (when shipped in dry form). 3/ Includes hydraulic setting castables designed for low thermal conductivity and having bulk densities as defined in ASTM classification C-401, not greater than 105 pounds/cubic foot. 4/ Includes shipments to refractory producers for reprocessing in the manufacture of brick and other refractories. 5/ Includes shipments for direct use as finished refractory products by establishments classified in manufacturing industries and excludes shipments to refractory producers for reprocessing in the manufacture of brick and other refractories. Includes all exports. 6/ Not specified by kind (n.s.k.) represents the value of shipments for establishments which did not report detailed information and establishments, typically with less than five employees, which were not included on the MA32C mailing panel. Table 3a. Shipments, Exports, Imports, and Apparent Consumption of Refractories by Type: 1996 [Value in thousands of dollars] Exports of Percent exports Manufacturers' domestic to manufacturers' shipments merchandise/1,2 shipments Product Product description Unit of code/1 measure Quan- Quan- Value at Quan- tity Value tity port/2 tity Value 1996 Clay and nonclay refractories/6.... .........(X).... (X) 2,053,582 (X) 381,057 (X) 19.0 Clay refractories................ .........(X).... (X) 889,022 (X) 70,714 (X) 8.0 Thousand standard 32550 11, Brick and shapes............... brick equivalent 279,606 559,275 (NA) 59,305 (NA) 11.0 14,35 32550 55 Unshaped clay refractories 61,65,70 and gunning mixes............ ...Metric tons.. 647,848 329,747 10,128 11,409 2.0 3.0 Nonclay refractories............. .........(X).... (X) 1,164,560 (X) 310,343 (X) 27.0 32970 13, Nonclay magnesite and magnesite- Thousand 15,19 chrome brick and shapes and standard chrome brick................... brick equivalent 32,222 194,345 (NA) 86,452 (NA) 44.0 Thousand standard 32970 12, All other brick and shapes..... brick equivalent 77,026 529,425 (NA) 119,172 (NA) 23.0 48,50,55, 58 32970 61, Unshaped nonclay refractories 63,65,67, and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 502,324 440,790 149,362 104,719 30.0 24.0 68,69,70, 72, 75 Percent imports Imports for Apparent to apparent consumption/1,3 consumption/5 consumption Product Product description Unit of code/1 measure Quan- Quan- Quan- tity Value/4 tity Value tity Value 1996-Con. Clay and nonclay refractories/6.... .........(X).... (X) 234,859 (X) 1,907,384 (X) 12.3 Clay refractories................ .........(X).... (X) 26,649 (X) 844,957 (X) 3.2 Thousand standard 32550 11, Brick and shapes............... brick equivalent (NA) 25,442 (NA) 525,412 (NA) 4.8 14,35 32550 55 Unshaped clay refractories 61,65,70 and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 1,061 1,207 638,781 319,545 0.2 0.4 Nonclay refractories............. ...........(X).. (X) 208,210 (X) 1,062,427 (X) 19.6 32970 13, Nonclay magnesite and magnesite- Thousand 15,19 chrome brick and shapes and standard chrome brick................... brick equivalent (NA) 86,806 (NA) 194,699 (NA) 44.6 Thousand standard 32970 12, All other brick and shapes..... brick equivalent (NA) 94,693 (NA) 504,946 (NA) 18.8 48,50,55, 58 32970 61, Unshaped nonclay refractories 63,65,67, and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 38,237 26,711 391,199 362,782 9.8 7.4 68,69,70, 72, 75 NA Not available. X Not applicable. 1/ For comparison of SIC-based codes with Schedule B export numbers and HTSUSA import numbers, see table 4. 2/ Source: Bureau of the Census report EM 545, U.S. Exports. 3/ Source: Bureau of the Census report IM 146, U.S. Imports for Consumption and General Imports. 4/ Value at port includes both import value and duty value. 5/ Apparent consumption is derived by subtracting exports from the total of shipments plus imports, including duty. 6/ The clay and nonclay refractories total shown here exclude product codes 32550 00, 32550 85, 32550 95, 32970 00, 32970 94, 32970 96; therefore, they differ from the totals shown in tables 1 and 2a. Table 3b. Shipments, Exports, Imports, and Apparent Consumption of Refractories by Type: 1995 [Value in thousands of dollars] Exports of Percent exports Product description Manufacturers' domestic to manufacturers' shipments merchandise/1,2 shipments Product code/1 Unit of Quan- Quan- Value at Quan- measure tity Value tity port/2 tity Value 1995 Clay and nonclay refractories/6.... (X) (X) 2,002,688 (X) 363,991 (X) 18.0 Clay refractories................ (X) (X) 890,910 (X) 74,620 (X) 8.0 Thousand standard 32550 11, Brick and shapes............... brick equivalent 305,315 572,804 (NA) 60,367 (NA) 11.0 14,35 32550 55 Unshaped clay refractories 61,65,70 and gunning mixes............ Metric tons 597,659 318,106 21,317 14,253 4.0 4.0 Nonclay refractories............. (X) (X) 1,111,778 (X) 289,371 (X) 26.0 32970 13, Nonclay magnesite and magnesite- Thousand 15,19 chrome brick and shapes and standard chrome brick................. brick equivalent 31,108 179,730 (NA) 90,460 (NA) 50.0 Thousand standard 32970 12, All other brick and shapes..... brick equivalent 79,694 513,220 (NA) 100,896 (NA) 20.0 48,50,55, 58 32970 61, Unshaped nonclay refractories 63,65,67, and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 471,980 418,828 134,279 98,015 28.0 23.0 68,69,70, 72, 75 Percent imports Imports for Apparent to apparent consumption/1,3 consumption/5 consumption Product Product description Unit of code/1 measure Quan- Quan- Quan- tity Value/4 tity Value tity Value 1995-Con. Clay and nonclay refractories/6.... .........(X).... (X) 225,138 (X) 1,863,835 (X) 12.1 Clay refractories................ .........(X).... (X) 32,222 (X) 848,512 (X) 3.8 Thousand standard 32550 11, Brick and shapes............... brick equivalent (NA) 31,565 (NA) 544,002 (NA) 5.8 14,35 32550 55 Unshaped clay refractories 61,65,70 and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 677 657 577,019 304,510 0.1 0.2 Nonclay refractories............. .........(X).... (X) 192,916 (X) 1,015,323 (X) 19.0 32970 13, Nonclay magnesite and magnesite- Thousand 15,19 chrome brick and shapes and standard chrome brick.................. brick equivalent (NA) 84,208 (NA) 173,478 (NA) 48.5 Thousand standard 32970 12, All other brick and shapes..... brick equivalent (NA) 85,838 (NA) 498,162 (NA) 17.2 48,50,55, 58 32970 61, Unshaped nonclay refractories 63,65,67, and gunning mixes............. ...Metric tons.. 32,931 22,870 370,632 343,683 8.9 6.7 68,69,70, 72, 75 NA Not available. X Not applicable. 1/ For comparison of SIC-based codes with Schedule B export numbers and HTSUSA import numbers, see table 4. 2/ Source: Bureau of the Census report EM 545, U.S. Exports. 3/ Source: Bureau of the Census report IM 146, U.S. Imports for Consumption and General Imports. 4/ Value at port includes both import value and duty value. 5/ Apparent consumption is derived by subtracting exports from the total of shipments plus imports, including duty. 6/ The clay and nonclay refractories total shown here exclude product codes 32550 00, 32550 85, 32550 95, 32970 00, 32970 94, 32970 96; therefore, they differ from the totals shown in tables 1 and 2b. Table 4. Comparison of Standard Industrial Classification-based Product Codes with Schedule B Export Numbers, and HTSUSA Import Numbers: 1996 Product Product description Export Import code number/1 number/2 32550 11 Clay brick and shapes 6902.20.1010 6902.20.1010 32550 14 6902.20.5010 6902.20.5010 32550 35 6902.90.1010 6902.90.1010 6902.90.5010 6902.90.5010 6903.90.0010 6903.90.0010 32550 55 Unshaped clay refractories and 32550 61 gunning mixes 3816.00.0010 3816.00.0010 32550 65 32550 70 32970 13 Nonclay magnesite and magnesite- 6902.10.1000 6902.10.1000 32970 15 chrome brick and shapes and 6902.10.5000 6902.10.5000 32970 19 chrome brick 32970 12 All other nonclay brick and shapes 6902.20.1020 6902.20.1020 32970 48 6902.20.5020 6902.20.5020 32970 50 6902.90.1020 6902.90.1020 32970 55 6902.90.5020 6902.90.5020 32970 58 6903.90.0050 6903.90.0050 32970 61 Unshaped nonclay refractories and 32970 63 gunning mixes 3816.00.0050 3816.00.0050 32970 65 32970 67 32970 68 32970 69 32970 70 32970 72 32970 75 1/Source: 1996 edition, Harmonized System-Based Schedule B, Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the United States. 2/Source: Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, Annotated (1996).  12, All ot