SNHU Academic Archive
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Recent Submissions
The Determinant of Income Inequality: Emphasis on Digitalization
(Southern New Hampshire University, 2021-04-26) Namazi, Marzieh; Ficici, Dr. Aysun; Aybar, Dr. Bulent; Samii, Dr. Massood; Collins, Dr. Stephanie; Dhakar, Dr. Tej
This paper researches the impact of digitalization on income disparity. The core of the digital economy is information technologies and telecommunication infrastructure, which provide access to the computer network(s). However, having access to a network is not enough. Knowledge of how to use the access and the technology, as well as benefits gained from them, are crucial factors of the digital economy. This research examined the question, does digitalization affects international income distribution? The research in this paper examined the question of income distribution and digitalization. The analytical model overall explained approximately about 44% of the variation of Gini among 101 countries and found the amount of innovation and being in northern states are statistically significant, and Cybersecurity is marginally significant.
Determinants of Innovation in Regions
(Southern New Hampshire University, 2021-02-01) Huang, Hao; Samii, Massood; Dhakar, Tej; Samii, Leila; Chambers, John
This paper examines determinants of innovation in four regions: Middle East and North Africa (MENA), East Asia and Pacific (EAP), European Union (EU) and Latin America and Caribbean (LAC). Prior researches indicated four possible proxies for measuring innovation. Based on the best test result in MENA area, patent application by residence (per million populations) is selected as the dependent variable in this study. GDP per capita (thousand US $), tertiary enrollment rate, economic freedom index, business disclosure index, unemployment rate and government integrity index are the six independent variables investigated in regions’ innovation. Panel regression is applied in this study. All the original data is from both World Bank and the Heritage Foundation in an adjusted time series of twelve years from 2005 to 2016. Each region has unique characteristics for its own innovation practice. The empirical results disclosed that for all the four regions, business disclosure index is an insignificant factor in measuring innovation. Economic growth is negatively interacted with innovation in both areas of MENA and EU, and tertiary enrollment rate presents a negative association with innovation in the region of EAP. After comparing innovation researches among all the four regions, the most appropriate regression model for each area is provided in the paper. For future study, it is suggested to expand to other proxies of innovation. This research is organized in the following format: introduction, followed by literature review and proposition development, methodology and data, then innovation in each of four specific regions separately; finally, the paper closes with its conclusion and potentialities for future study.
Factors Affecting Small Businesses in Developing Economies: The Role of Formal Institutions
(Southern New Hampshire University, 2020-12-09) Ghaffari-Fard, Rozita; Samii, Massood; Dhakar, Tej; Broaden, Charlotte; Samii, Leila
This study evaluates the factors affecting small businesses in developing countries. This dissertation focuses on formal institutions as important factors in the external environment of small firms. Macro level and micro level institution theories are used as the theoretical framework to explain how formal institutions affect small businesses in developing economies. A systematic literature review reveals three elements of formal institutions playing an important role in the small business sector. Taking in to consideration the large size of informal sector in developing economies, this study uses a quantitative method and the data from 112 developing economies to test three hypotheses. Results from the regression analysis show a significant and negative effect for two out of three variables i.e. accessibility of formal financial resources and flexibility of government regulations. Therefore, access to credit and flexible regulations negatively impact the number of small businesses in developing countries. This study, however, does not find a significant relation between the rule of law and small businesses. This research provides insights that the distinct characteristics of small business sector in developing countries changes the nature of relation between this sector and the formal institutions. As a result, the theories suggested for the developed economies are not applicable to the developing countries in this regard.
Spring 2025 Academic Catalog
(Southern New Hampshire University, 2025) Southern New Hampshire University
Evangelical Revivalism and the Expanding Women’s Domain: The Eastern Half of the Yankee Belt, the 1820s to 1840s
(Southern New Hampshire University, 2019-09-06) Morgan, Merritt A.; Bartee, Seth; Denning, Robert
The focus on the Protestant women’s role in American religious history during the religious revivalism of the early nineteenth century continues to gain an increasing amount of attention. Generally regarded as the family economy and frontier generation: conferences, houses, outdoor meetings, and crowded churches created the religious revivalism that became known as the Second Great Awakening. Following 1790, the New England revivals that swarmed Massachusetts and Connecticut swept waves of religious zeal primarily westward across the Yankee hill country. The revivals penetrating New York and western Pennsylvania reached a grand climax in western New York between the 1820s to the early 1840s. These peaking decades promoted evangelistic mission networks that followed the contours of trade routes which intertwined with economic trends and Yankee inheritance. During this period, women who were most active in the revivals wisely used resources and gained support in the spreading of missionary work, and voluntary and benevolent endeavors. They embraced the waves of revivalism to expand the lines of gender and class first in the Yankee belt that shifted the family and community life, which definitions still leave scholars perplexed and are highlighted.